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  Third European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, EUROSPEECH 1993, Berlin, Germany, September 22-25, 1993. ISCA 1993

Keynotes

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  Janet M. Baker: Dictation, directories, and data bases; emerging PC applications forlarge vocabulary speech recognition.
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  William J. Barry, Paul Dalsgaard: Speech database annotation. the importance of a multi-lingual approach.
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  Lori Lamel, Jean-Luc Gauvain: Identifying non-linguistic speech features.
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  Jeremy Peckham: A new generation of spoken dialogue systems: results and lessons from the sundial project.
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  Roger K. Moore: Whither a theory of speech pattern processing?
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  Peter Noll: Speech coding for communications.
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  Hermann Ney: Modeling and search in continuous speech recognition.
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  Maxine Eskenazi: Trends in speaking styles research.
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  John S. Bridle: Models of speech recognition; personal perspectives on particular approaches.
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  Kai-Fu Lee: The conversational computer: an apple perspective.
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  Ute Jekosch: Speech quality assessment and evaluation.
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  Jan P. H. van Santen: Timing in text-to-speech systems.
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  Roberto Pieraccini, Esther Levin, Enrique Vidal: Learning how to understand language.

Speech Coding

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  Kazunori Ozawa, Masahiro Serizawa, Toshiki Miyano, Toshiyuki Nomura: M-LCELP speech coding at bit-rates below 4kbps.
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  Eduardo López Gonzalo, Luis A. Hernández-Gomez: Fast vector quantization using neural maps for CELP at 2400bps.
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  Ulrich Balss, U. Kipper, Herbert Reininger, Dietrich Wolf: Improving the speech quality of CELP-coders by optimizing the long-term delay determination.
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  Carmen García-Mateo, José Luis Alba-Castro, Luis A. Hernández Gómez: A stochastic speech coder with multi-band long-term prediction.
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  B. W. M. Wery, Herman J. M. Steeneken: Intelligibility evaluation of 4-5 kbps CELP and MBE vocoders: the hermes program experiment.
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  Przemyslaw Dymarski, Nicolas Moreau: Algorithms for the CELP coder with ternary excitation.
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  M. Mauc, Geneviève Baudoin, M. Jelinek: Complexity reduction for federal standard 1016 CELP coder.
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  Friedhelm Wuppermann, Christiane Antweiler, M. Kappelan: Objective analysis of the GSM half rate speech codec candidates.
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  Ira A. Gerson, Mark A. Jasiuk: A 5600 BPS VSELP speech coder candidate for half-rate GSM.
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  Ahmet M. Kondoz, Barry G. Evans, M. R. Suddle: A speech coder for TV programme description.
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  Satoshi Miki, Kazunori Mano, Hitoshi Ohmuro, Takehiro Moriya: Pitch synchronous innovation CELP (PSI-CELP).
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  Asunción Moreno, José A. R. Fonollosa, Josep Vidal: Vocoder design based on HOS.
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  Nigel Sedgwick: Emulation of a formant vocoder at 600 and 800 bps.
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  W. Ma, Ahmet M. Kondoz, Barry G. Evans: A pitch synchronized synthesizer for the IMBE vocoder.
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  Thierry Dutoit, Henri Leich: An analysis of the performances of the MBE model when used in the context of a text-to-speech system.
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  C. F. Chan: High-quality synthesis of LPC speech using multiband excitation model.
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  Yair Shoham: High-quality speech coding at 2.4 kbps based on time-frequency interpolation.
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  Luca Marcato, Enzo Mumolo: Coding of speech signal by fractal techniques.
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  Naomi Asanuma, Hiromi Nagabuchi: A new reference signal for evaluating the quality of speech coded at low bit rates.
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  Changxue Ma, Douglas D. O'Shaughnessy: A psychophysical study of fourier phase and amplitude coding of speech.

Articulatory Modelling

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  Denis Beautemps, Pierre Badin, Rafael Laboissière: Recovery of vocal tract midsagittal and area functions from speech signal for vowels and fricative consonants.
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  Shrikanth S. Narayanan, Abeer A. Alwan: Strange attractors and chaotic dynamics in the production of voiced and voiceless fricatives.
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  Noël Nguyen, Philip Hoole: Frequency variations of the lowest main spectral peak in sibilant clusters.
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  Hélène Loevenbruck, Pascal Perrier: Vocalic reduction : prediction of acoustic and articulatory variabilities with invariant motor commands.
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  Christophe Savariaux, Pascal Perrier, Jean Pierre Orliaguet: Compensating for labial perturbation in a rounded vowel: an acoustic and articulatory study.
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  Rudolph Sock, Anders Löfqvist: Resistance of bilabials /p, b/ to anticipatory labial and mandibular coarticulation from vowel types /i, a, u/.
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  Mounir Jomaa, Christian Abry: Jaw phasings and velocity profiles in arabic.
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  Morten Olesen: Derivation of the transfer function for a speech production model including the nasal cavity.
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  Mats Båvegård, Jesper Högberg: Using artificial neural nets to compare different vocal tract models.
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  Arne Kjell Foldvik, Ulf Kristiansen, Jorn Kvaerness: A time-evolving three-dimensional vocal tract model by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Voice Source Analysis and Modelling

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  Juergen Schroeter, Bert Cranen: Physiologically-motivated modeling of the voice source in articulatory analysis/synthesis.
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  Luís C. Oliveira: Estimation of source parameters by frequency analysis.
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  Helmer Strik, Bert Cranen, Lou Boves: Fitting a LF-model to inverse filter signals.
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  Jean Schoentgen: Modelling the glottal pulse with a self-excited threshold auto-regressive model.
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  Joachim Denzler, Ralf Kompe, Andreas Kießling, Heinrich Niemann, Elmar Nöth: Going back to the source: inverse filtering of the speech signal with ANNs.

HMM-Based Recognition System

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  Manuel A. Leandro, José Manuel Pardo: Low cost speaker dependent isolated word speech preselection system using static phoneme pattern recognition.
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  Lori Lamel, Jean-Luc Gauvain: High performance speaker-independent phone recognition using CDHMM.
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  Jean-Luc Gauvain, Lori Lamel, Gilles Adda, Martine Adda-Decker: Speaker-independent continuous speech dictation.
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  Ernst Günter Schukat-Talamazzini, Heinrich Niemann, Wieland Eckert, Thomas Kuhn, S. Rieck: Automatic speech recognition without phonemes.
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  Takashi Seino, Seiichi Nakagawa: Spoken language identification using ergodic HMM with emphasized state transition.

Speech Signal Processing

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  Bruno Apolloni, Dario Crivelli, Marco Amato: Neural time warping.
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  Philippe Le Cerf, Dirk Van Compernolle: Speaker independent small vocabulary speech recognition using MLPs for phonetic labeling.
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  Andrzej Drygajlo: Multiresolution time-sequency speech processing based on orthogonal wavelet packet pulse forms.
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  Eliathamby Ambikairajah, M. Keane, Liam Kilmartin, Graham Tattersall: The application of the wavelet transform for speech processing.
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  Naoto Iwahashi, Yoshinori Sagisaka: Duration modelling with multiple split regression.
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  Gerry Altmann, Duncan Young: Factors affecting adaptation to time-compressed speech.
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  Marc Roelands, Werner Verhelst: Waveform similarity based overlap-add (WSOLA) for time-scale modification of speech: structures and evaluation.
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  Hsiao-Chuan Wang, Hsiao-Fen Pai: A study on the weighting factors of two-dimensional cepstral distance measure.
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  Yves Kamp, Changxue Ma: Connection between weighted LPC and higher-order statistics for AR model estimation.

Speaker Recognition

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  Claude C. Chibelushi, John S. Mason, R. Deravi: Integration of acoustic and visual speech for speaker recognition.
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  Claude Montacié, Jean-Luc Le Floch: Discriminant AR-vector models for free-text speaker verification.
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  J. Thompson, John S. Mason: Within class optimization of cepstra for speaker recognition.
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  Frédéric Bimbot, Luc Mathan: Text-free speaker recognition using an arithmetic-harmonic sphericity measure.

Data Bases, Speech Assessment, Noisy Speech

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  Asunción Moreno, Dolors Poch, Antonio Bonafonte, Eduardo Lleida, Joaquim Llisterri, José B. Mariño, Climent Nadeu: Albayzin speech database: design of the phonetic corpus.
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  Carlos M. Ribeiro, Isabel Trancoso, António Joaquim Serralheiro: A software tool for speech collection, recognition and reproduction.
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  Matti Karjalainen, Toomas Altosaar: An object-oriented database for speech processing.
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  Dominic S. F. Chan, Adrian Fourcin: Automatic annotation using multi-sensor data.
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  Christoph Draxler, Hans G. Tillmann, Barbara Eisen: Prolog tools for accessing the phondat database of spoken German.
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  Ute Jekosch: Cluster-similarity: a useful database for speech processing.
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  Giuseppe Castagneri, Giuseppe Di Fabbrizio, A. Massone, Mario Oreglia: SIRVA - a large speech database collected on the Italian telephone network.
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  Herman J. M. Steeneken, Jan A. Verhave, Tammo Houtgast: Objective assessment of speech communication systems; introduction of a software based procedure.
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  Sven W. Danielsen: Enhanced direct assessment of speech input systems within the SAM-a esprit project.
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  Pascale Nicolas, Pascal Romeas: Evaluation of prosody in the French version of multilingual text-to-speech synthesis: neutralising segmental information in preliminary tests.
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  Sokol Saliu, Hideki Kasuya, Yasuo Endo, Yoshinobu Kikuchi: A clinical voice evaluation system.
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  Alan Wrench, Mary S. Jackson, Mervyn A. Jack, David S. Soutar, A. Gerry Robertson, Janet MacKenzie, John Laver: A speech therapy workstation for the assessment of segmental quality: voiceless fricatives.
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  Josep M. Salavedra, Enrique Masgrau, Asunción Moreno, Xavier Jove: A speech enhancement system using higher order ar estimation in real environments.
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  Régine Le Bouquin, Gérard Faucon, A. Akbariazirani: Proposal of a composite measure for the evaluation of noise cancelling methods in speech processing.
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  P. M. Crozier, Barry M. G. Cheetham, C. Holt, E. Munday: The use of linear prediction and spectral scaling for improving speech enhancement.
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  Helge B. D. Sørensen, Uwe Hartmann: Robust speaker-independent speech recognition using non-linear spectral subtraction based IMELDA.

Phonetics

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  Willem H. Vieregge, A. P. A. Broeders: Intra- and interspeaker variation of /r/ in dutch.
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  Mechtild Tronnier, Masatake Dantsuji: An acoustic approach to fricatives in Japanese and German.
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  Céu Viana, Isabel Trancoso, Carlos M. Ribeiro, Amalia Andrade, Ernesto d'Andrade: The relationship between spelled and spoken portuguese: implications for speech synthesis and recognition.
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  Mark S. Schmidt, S. Fitt, C. Scott, Mervyn A. Jack: Phonetic transcription standards for european names (ONOMASTICA).
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  Ove Andersen, Paul Dalsgaard, William J. Barry: Data-driven identification of poly- and mono-phonemes for four european languages.
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  Sheri Hunnicutt, Helen M. Meng, Stephanie Seneff, Victor W. Zue: Reversible letter-to-sound sound-to-letter generation based on parsing word morphology.
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  Jan Moore, Peter Roach: The role of context in the automatic recognition of stressed syllables.
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  Duncan Young, Gerry Altmann, Anne Cutler, Dennis Norris: Metrical structure and the perception of time-compressed speech.
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  Valerie Pasdeloup, José Morais, Régine Kolinsky: Are stress and phonemic string processed separately? evidence from speech illusions.

Phoneme Classification and Labelling

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  R. J. J. H. van Son, Louis C. W. Pols: Vowel identification as influenced by vowel duration and formant track shape.
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  William Goldenthal, James R. Glass: Modelling spectral dynamics for vowel classification.
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  Milan Stamenkovic, Juraj Bakran, Peter Tancig, Marijan Miletic: Perceptive and spectral volumes of synthesized and natural vowels.
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  Ryszard Gubrynowicz, Adam Wrzoskowicz: Labeller - a system for automatic labelling of speech continuous signal.
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  Ake Andersson, Holger Broman: Towards automatic speech-to-text alignment.

Duration Modelling in HMMs

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  Nelly Suaudeau, Régine André-Obrecht: Sound duration modelling and time-variable speaking rate in a speech recognition system.
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  M. Jones, Philip C. Woodland: Using relative duration in large vocabulary speech recognition.
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  Yifan Gong, William C. Treurniet: Duration of phones as function of utterance length and its use in automatic speech recognition.
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  M. E. Forsyth, Mervyn A. Jack: Duration modelling and multiple codebooks in semi-continuous HMMs for speaker verification.
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  Mike Hochberg, Harvey F. Silverman: Constraining model duration variance in HMM-based connected-speech recognition.

Speaker Adaptation and Normalization

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  Christine Tuerk, Tony Robinson: A new frequency shift function for reducing inter-speaker variance.
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  Yoshio Ono, Hisashi Wakita, Yunxin Zhao: Speaker normalization using constrained spectra shifts in auditory filter domain.
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  Yunxin Zhao: Self-learning speaker adaptation based on spectral variation source decomposition.
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  Tetsuo Kosaka, Edward Willems, Jun-ichi Takami, Shigeki Sagayama: A dynamic approach to speaker adaptation of hidden Markov networks for speech recognition.
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  Lars Knohl, Ansgar Rinscheid: Speaker normalization and adaptation based on feature-map projection.

Speech Analysis, Articulatory Modelling

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  Marcel de Leeuw, Jean Caelen: Pitch synchronous calculation of acoustic cues using a cochlea model.
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  Steve McLaughlin, Andrew Lowry: Nonlinear dynamical systems concepts in speech analysis.
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  Arno J. Klaassen: Grouping of acoustical events using cable neurons and the theory of neuronal group selection.
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  I. R. Gransden, Steve W. Beet: Computationally efficient methods of calculating instantaneous frequency for auditory analysis.
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  Francesco Cutugno, Pietro Maturi: Analysing connected speech with wavelets: some Italian data.
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  Krzysztof Marasek: Speech transients analysis using AR-smoothed wigner-ville distribution.
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  Michel Pitermann, Jean Caelen: Comparison of the variability of formants and formant targets using dynamic modeling.
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  Jean Schoentgen, Zoubir Azami: Pitch-synchronous formant extraction by means of a compound auto-regressive model.
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  Bernard Teston: A new air flowmeter design for the investigation of speech production.
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  Emanuela Magno Caldognetto, Kyriaki Vagges, Giancarlo Ferrigno, Claudio Zmarich: Articulatory dynamics of lips in Italian /'vpv/ and /'vbv/ sequences.
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  Ahmed M. Elgendy: Restricted distribution of pharyngeal segments: acoustical or mechanical constraints?
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  Yohan Payan, Pascal Perrier: Vowel normalization by articulatory normalization first attemps for vowel transitions.
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  Nobuhiro Miki, Naohisa Kamiyama, Nobuo Nagai: Synthesis and analysis of vocal source with vibration of larynx.
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  Imad Znagui, Sami Boudelaa: Towards an acoustic-phonetic classification of modern standard arabic vowels.
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  Alain Marchal, Christine Meunier: Divers' speech: variable encoding strategies.
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  L. Aguilar, B. Blecua, M. Machuca, R. Mann: Phonetic reduction processes in spontaneous speech.
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  N. R. Ganguli: Spectral characteristics of fricative sound.
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  Jean-François Bonastre, Henri Meloni: Automatic speaker recognition and analytic process.
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  Danielle Duez: Second formant locus-nucleus patterns in French and Swedish.
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  Christine Meunier: Temporal organisation of segments and sub-segments in consonant clusters.
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  Abdelkader Bétari, Rémy Bulot: Automatic recognition of arabic stop consonants.
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  M. Inés Torres, P. Iparraguirre: Acoustic-phonetic decoding of Spanish occlusive consonants.
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  Philip Christov: Normalized vowel system representation for comparative phonetic studies.
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  Cécile Thilly: Influence of prevocalic consonant on vowel duration in French CV[p] utterances.
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  Peter E. Czigler: Temporal variation in consonant clusters in Swedish.
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  Wiktor Jassem: Discriminant analysis of continuous consonantal spectra.

Prosody: Rhythm, Style, Emotion

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  Edmund Rooney, Miriam Eckert, Steven M. Hiller, Rebecca Vaughan, John Laver: Training consonants in a computer-aided system for pronunciation teaching.
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  Andrej Miksic, Bogomir Horvat: Rhythm analysis of speech and music signals.
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  Gitta P. M. Laan, Dick R. van Bergem: The contribution of pitch contour, phoneme durations and spectral features to the character of spontaneous and read aloud speech.
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  Juan M. Garrido, Joaquim Llisterri, Carme de la Mota, Antonio Rios: Prosodic differences in reading style: isolated vs. contextualized sentences.
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  Jean Vroomen, René Collier, Sylvie J. L. Mozziconacci: Duration and intonation in emotional speech.

Improved Algorithms for HMMs

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  C. M. Ayer, Melvyn J. Hunt, D. M. Brookes: A discriminatively derived linear transform for improved speech recognition.
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  Marco Saerens: Hidden Markov models assuming a continuous-time dynamic emission of acoustic vectors.
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  Saeed Vaseghi, P. N. Conner, Ben P. Milner: Speech modelling using cepstral-time feature matrices.
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  Yoshiharu Abe, Kunio Nakajima: A bounded transition hidden Markov model for continuous speech recognition.
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  Ami Moyal, Arnon Cohen: Speaker independent phoneme recognition using a heuristic search.
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  Fritz Class, Alfred Kaltenmeier, Peter Regel-Brietzmann: Optimization of an HMM - based continuous speech recognizer.
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  Marco Saerens, Hervé Bourlard: Linear and nonlinear prediction for speech recognition with hidden Markov models.
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  M. N. Lokbani, Denis Jouvet, Jean Monné: Segmental post-processing of the n-best solutions in a speech recognition system.
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  Tatsuo Matsuoka, Chin-Hui Lee: A study of on-line Bayesian adaptation for HMM-based speech recognition.
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  B. A. Maxwell, Philip C. Woodland: Hidden Markov models using shared vector linear predictors.

Noisy Speech and Enhancement

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  Maurizio Omologo, Piergiorgio Svaizer: Talker localization and speech enhancement in a noisy environment using a microphone array based acquisition system.
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  Takao Kobayashi, Toshio Kanno, Satoshi Imai: Generalized cepstral modeling of speech degraded by additive noise.
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  Stelios Bakamidis, George Carayannis: Noise quality improvement through SVD equalization.
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  Fei Xie, Dirk Van Compernolle: Speech enhancement by nonlinear spectral estimation - a unifying approach.
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  Kristian Kroschel, Keld Lange: Subband array processing for speech enhancement.

Speaker Variability

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  Vincent Pean, Sheila M. Williams, Maxine Eskenazi: The design and recording of icy, a corpus for the study of intraspeaker variability and the characterisation of speaking styles.
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  Andrej Ljolje: Speaker clustering for improved speech recognition.
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  Henk van den Heuvel, Bert Cranen, A. C. M. Rietveld: Speaker-variability in spectral bands of dutch vowel segments.
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  Shuichi Itahashi, Kimihito Tanaka: A method of classification among Japanese dialects.
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  J. Antonio Hernández-Méndez, Aníbal R. Figueiras-Vidal: Measuring similarities among speakers by means of neural networks.

Segmentation and Labelling

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  Maria Rangoussi, Stylianos Bakamidis, George Carayannis: Robust endpoint detection of speech in the presence of noise.
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  Bianca Angelini, Fabio Brugnara, Daniele Falavigna, Diego Giuliani, Roberto Gretter, Maurizio Omologo: Automatic segmentation and labeling of English and Italian speech databases.
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  Azarshid Farhat, Guy Perennou, Régine André-Obrecht: A segmental approach versus a centisecond one for automatic phonetic time-alignment.
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  I. Heroaez, J. Barandiaran, Enrique Monte, Borja Etxebarria: A segmentation algorithm based on acoustical features using a self organizing neural network.
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  Piero Cosi: SLAM: segmentation and labelling automatic module.
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  Christian Heise, Hans-Heinrich Bothe: Phone and syllable segmentation by concurrent window modules.
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  Barbara Eisen: Reliability of speech segmentation and labelling at different levels of transcription.
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  Dick R. van Bergem: On the perception of acoustic and lexical vowel reduction.
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  Brit van Ooyen, Anne Cutler, Pier Marco Bertinetto: Click detection in Italian and English.
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  Andrew R. Nix, M. Gareth Gaskell, William D. Marslen-Wilson: Phonological variation and mismatch in lexical access.
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  Monique van Zon, Béatrice de Gelder: Perception of word boundaries by dutch listeners.
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  Anne Bonneau, Linda Djezzar, Yves Laprie: Perception of French stop bursts, implications for stop identification.
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  Zdravko Kacic, Bogomir Horvat: Using isofrequency neural column for harmonic sound scene decomposition.
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  A. K. Datta: Do ear perceive vowel through formants?
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  Trupti Vyas, Michael J. Pont, Seyed J. Mashari: Speech recognition using auditory models and neural networks.
• 
  Changxue Ma, Armin Kohlrausch: The influence of temporal processes on spectral masking patterns of harmonic complex tones and vowels.
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  Hisao Kuwabara: Temporal effect on the perception of continuous speech and a possible mechanism in the human auditory system.
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  Edward Jones, Eliathamby Ambikairajah: Comparison of various adaptation mechanisms in an auditory model for the purpose of speech processing.
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  I. A. Vartanian, Tatiana V. Chernigovskaya: Sensory-motor manifestations of speech-hearing interaction.
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  Tatiana V. Chernigovskaya, I. A. Vartanian, T. I. Tokareva: Syllable perception: lateralization of native and foreign languages.
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  Michael J. Pont: Simulation of short-latency auditory evoked potentials: a pilot study.
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  Regine Kolinsky, Jose Morais: Intermediate representations in spoken word recognition: a cross-linguistic study of word illusions.
• 
  Jianfen Cao: Time - varing manner on formant trajectories of Chinese diphthongs.
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  Yifan Gong, Jean Paul Haton: Iterative transformation and alignment for speech labeling.
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  Kai Hübener, Andreas Hauenstein: Controlling search in segmentation lattices of speech signals.
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  Hiroshi Shimodaira, Mitsuru Nakai: Accent phrase segmentation using transition probabilities between pitch pattern templates.
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  Wolfgang Reichl, Günther Ruske: Syllable segmentation of continuous speech with artificial neural networks.
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  Mats Blomberg, Rolf Carlson: Labelling of speech given its text representation.

Prosody: Analysis and Modelling of <i>F</i>₀ Contours

• 
  Louis ten Bosch: On the automatic classification of pitch movements.
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  U. Jensen, Roger K. Moore, Paul Dalsgaard, Børge Lindberg: Modelling of intonation contours at the sentence level using CHMMs and the 1961 o'connor and arnold scheme.
• 
  Paul Taylor: Automatic recognition of intonation from F₀ contours using the rise/fall/connection model.
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  Edouard Geoffrois: A pitch contour analysis guided by prosodic event detection.
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  Grazyna Demenko, Ignacy Nowak, Janusz Imiolczyk: Analysis and synthesis of pitch movements in a read polish text.

Speech Recognition in Noise

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  William A. Ainsworth, Georg F. Meyer: Noise adaptation: speech recognition by auditory models and human listeners.
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  J. A. Nolazco Flores, Steve J. Young: Adapting a HMM-based recogniser for noisy speech enhanced by spectral subtraction.
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  Tetsunori Kobayashi, Ryuji Mine, Katsuhiko Shirai: Speech recognition under the unstationary noise based on the noise Markov model and spectral-subtraction.
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  M. J. F. Gales, Steve J. Young: HMM recognition in noise using parallel model combination.
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  Laurent Buniet, Dominique Fohr, Yolande Anglade, Jean-Claude Junqua, Jean-Marie Pierrel: Selectively trained neural networks for connected word recognition in noisy environments.

Speaker Independency

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  Bianca Angelini, Fabio Brugnara, Daniele Falavigna, Diego Giuliani, Roberto Gretter, Maurizio Omologo: A baseline of a speaker independent continuous speech recognizer of Italian.
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  Lalit R. Bahl, Peter V. de Souza, P. S. Gopalakrishnan, David Nahamoo, Michael Picheny: Word lookahead scheme for cross-word right context models in a stack decoder.
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  David B. Grayden, Michael S. Scordilis: Recognition of obstruent phonemes in speaker-independent fluent speech using a hierarchical approach.
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  Bernd Plannerer, Günther Ruske: A continuous speech recognition system using phonotactic constraints.

Speech Synthesis

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  M. Ouadou, A. Rajouani, M. Zyoute, J. Rosenfeld, M. Najim: Joint arabic-hebrew speech synthesis system.
• 
  Eduardo López Gonzalo, Gábor Olaszy, Géza Németh: Improvements of the Spanish version of the multivox text-to-speech system.
• 
  Mats Ljungqvist, Hiroya Fujisaki: Generating intonation for Swedish text-to-speech conversion using a quantitative model for the F₀ contour.
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  Peter Meyer, Hans-Wilhelm Rühl, R. Krüger, M. Kugler, L. Vogten, A. Dirksen, Karim Belhoula: PHRITTS - a text-to-speech synthesizer for the German language.
• 
  Karim Belhoula: Rule-based grapheme-to-phoneme conversion of names.
• 
  Iain R. Murray, Morag M. Black: A prototype text-to-speech system for scottish gaelic.
• 
  Janusz Imiolczyk, Ignacy Nowak, Grazyna Demenko: A text-to-speech system for polish.
• 
  Marian J. Macchi, Mary Jo Altom, Dan Kahn, Sharad Singhal, Murray F. Spiegel: Intelligibility as a function of speech coding method for template-based speech synthesis.
• 
  Maggie Gaved: Pronunciation and text normalisation in applied text-to-speech systems.
• 
  Jill House, Catriona MacDermid, Scott McGlashan, Andrew Simpson, Nick J. Youd: Evaluating synthesised prosody in simulations of an automated telephone enquiry service.
• 
  Katherine Morton, Marcel Tatham: Speech synthesis in dialogue systems.
• 
  Elissaveta Abadjieva, Iain R. Murray, John L. Arnott: Applying analysis of human emotional speech to enhance synthetic speech.
• 
  Eric Lewis, Marcel Tatham: A generic front end for text-to-speech synthesis systems.
• 
  Robert W. P. Luk, Robert I. Damper: Experiments with silent-e and affix correspondences in stochastic phonographic transduction.
• 
  Georg Fries: Phoneme-dependent speech synthesis in the time and frequency domains.
• 
  Inger Karlsson, Lennart Neovius: Speech synthesis experiments with the glove synthesiser.
• 
  Volker Kraft: Auditory detection of discontinuities in synthesis-by-concatenation.
• 
  Yun-Keun Lee, Seung-Kwon Ahn: Effects of the phase jitters on naturalness of synthesized speech.
• 
  Briony Williams: Letter-to-sound rules for the welsh language.

Dialogue Structure

• 
  Christel Müller, Fred Runge: Dialogue design principles - key for usability of voice processing.
• 
  Hans Dybkjær, Niels Ole Bernsen, Laila Dybkjær: Wizard-of-oz and the trade-off between naturalness and recogniser constraints.
• 
  Cerian Jones, Roberto Garigliano: Dialogue analysis and generation: a theory for modelling natural English dialogue.
• 
  Catriona MacDermid: Features of naive callers' dialogues with a simulated speech understanding and dialogue system.
• 
  Fabrice Duermael, Bertrand Gaiffe: Refering to actions in man-machine command dialogues.
• 
  Yoichi Yamashita, Riichiro Mizoguchi: Next utterance prediction based on two kinds of dialog models.
• 
  T. Andemach, G. Deville, Luc Mortier: The design of a real world wizard of oz experiment for a speech driven telephone directory information system.
• 
  Sheryl R. Young: Dialog structure and plan recognition in spontaneous spoken dialog.
• 
  Julia Hirschberg, Christine H. Nakatani: A speech-first model for repair identification in spoken language systems.
• 
  Sheryl R. Young, Wayne H. Ward: Recognition confidence measures for spontaneous spoken dialog.

Language Modelling

• 
  R. Zhao, Patrick Kenny, P. Labute, Douglas D. O'Shaughnessy: Issues in large scale statistical language modeling.
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  Roberto Garigliano, Kevin Johnson, Russell J. Collingham: A data-driven case for a spontaneous speech grammar.
• 
  Reinhard Kneser, Hermann Ney: Improved clustering techniques for class-based statistical language modelling.
• 
  Jeremy H. Wright, Gareth J. F. Jones, Harvey Lloyd-Thomas: A consolidated language model for speech recognition.
• 
  Michael K. McCandless, James R. Glass: Empirical acquisition of word and phrase classes in the atis domain.
• 
  Tung-Hui Chiang, Keh-Yih Su: The effects of parameter smoothing on robust learning in syntactic ambiguity resolution.
• 
  Enrique Vidal, Roberto Pieraccini, Esther Levin: Learning associations between grammars: a new approach to natural language understanding.
• 
  Michèle Jardino, Gilles Adda: Language modelling for CSR of large corpus using automatic classification of words.
• 
  Helmut Lucke: Inference of stochastic context-free grammar rules from example data using the theory of Bayesian belief propagation.
• 
  Petra Witschel: Constructing linguistic oriented language models for large vocabulary speech recognition.

Prosody: Prosodic Parameter Manipulation

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  Eduardo Rodríguez Banga, Carmen García-Mateo: New frequency domain prosodic modification techniques.
• 
  H. D. Wang, D. Degryse, Fabrizio Carrara: A prosody modification approach for auditory user feedback in the spell pronunciation teaching system.
• 
  Tohru Takagi, Eiichi Miyasaka: A speech prosody conversion system with a high quality speech analysis-synthesis method.
• 
  Marc Swerts, René Collier: On the perceived serial position of discourse units.
• 
  Paul C. Bagshaw, Steven M. Hiller, Mervyn A. Jack: Enhanced pitch tracking and the processing of F₀ contours for computer aided intonation teaching.

New Architectures for Neural Networks

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  Chakib Tadj, Franck Poirier: Improved DVQ algorithm for speech recognition: a new adaptive learning rule with neurons annihilation.
• 
  Taro Sasaki, Tadashi Kitamura, Akira Iwata: Speaker-independent 212 word recognition using combNET-II.
• 
  M. Asunción Castaño, Enrique Vidal, Francisco Casacuberta: Learning direct acoustic-to-semantic mappings through simple recurrent networks.

Noise Reduction and Channel Adaption

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  Saeed Vaseghi, Ben P. Milner: Noise-adaptive hidden Markov models based on wiener filters.
• 
  K. F. Wong, S. H. Leung, H. C. Ng: Noisy speech recognition using singular value decomposition and two-sided linear prediction.
• 
  Franck Martin, Kiyohiro Shikano, Yasuhiro Minami: Recognition of noisy speech by composition of hidden Markov models.
• 
  Yuqing Gao, Jean Paul Haton: Noise reduction and speech recognition in noise conditions tested on LPNN-based continuous speech recognition system.
• 
  Michael Trompf, Ralf Richter, Harald Eckhardt, Heidi Hackbarth: Combination of distortion-robust feature extraction and neural noise reduction for ASR.
• 
  Chafic Mokbel, Jean Monné, Denis Jouvet: On-line adaptation of a speech recognizer to variations in telephone line conditions.
• 
  Matthias Wittmann, Otto Schmidbauer, Abdulmesih Aktas: Online channel compensation for robust speech recognition.
• 
  Patrice Alexandre, Jérôme Boudy, Philip Lockwood: Evaluation of car noise reduction/compensation techniques for digit recognition in a speaker-independent context.
• 
  A. Brancaccio, C. Pelaez: Experiments on noise reduction techniques with robust voice detector in car environment.

Word Spotting

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  Satoshi Nakamura, Toshio Akabane, Seiji Hamaguchi: Robust word spotting in adverse car environments.
• 
  Richard C. Rose: Definition of subword acoustic units for wordspotting.
• 
  Jiro Kiyama, Yoshiaki Itoh, Ryuichi Oka: Spontaneous speech recognition by sentence spotting.
• 
  Philippe Jeanrenaud, Kenney Ng, Man-Hung Siu, Jan Robin Rohlicek, Herbert Gish: Phonetic-based word spotter: various configurations and application to event spotting.
• 
  Akihiro Imamura, Mikio Kitai: An application of word-spotting in a voice activated service entry system.
• 
  Eduardo Lleida, José B. Mariño, Josep M. Salavedra, Antonio Bonafonte, Enrique Monte, A. Martinez: Out-of-vocabulary word modelling and rejection for keyword spotting.
• 
  Mary O'Kane, P. E. Kenne: Word and phrase spotting with limited training.
• 
  Jean-Marc Boite, Hervé Bourlard, Bart D'hoore, Marc Haesen: A new approach towards keyword spotting.
• 
  J. Alvarez-Cercadillo, Luis A. Hernandez-Gomez: Grammar learning and word spotting using recurrent neural networks.
• 
  Shigeki Okawa, Tetsunori Kobayashi, Katsuhiko Shirai: Word spotting in conversational speech based on phonemic unit likelihood by mutual information criterion.

Speech Processing and Coding

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  F. Dohnal: Generalized frequency domain adaptive filter for acoustic echo canceller.
• 
  Joel Crestel, Michel Guitton: Estimation of speech signal classification features in a simulated hyperbaric environment.
• 
  Petr Pollák, Pavel Sovka, Jan Uhlír: Noise suppression system for a car.
• 
  Peter Heitkämper, Michael Walker II: Adaptive gain control and echo cancellation for hands-free telephone systems.
• 
  W. Nick Campbell: Predicting segmental durations for accommodation within a syllable-level timing framework.
• 
  Tore Fjällbrant, Fisseha Mekuria, Shahrokh Amirijoo: A filtersank based on physiologically measured characteristics in an auditory model for speech signal processing.
• 
  Fu-Rong Jean, Chih-Chung Kuo, Hsiao-Chuan Wang: Spectral sensitivity weighted transform coding for LSP parameters.
• 
  Rainer Martin: An efficient algorithm to estimate the instantaneous SNR of speech signals.
• 
  Laurent Mauuary, Jean Monné: Speech/non-speech detection for voice response systems.
• 
  Alexander Osipov, Vladimir Zentsov: Time-spectral approach to compiling speech reconstruction.
• 
  J. A. Haigh, John S. Mason: A voice activity detector based on cepstral analysis.
• 
  Jrgen Paulus, Christiane Antweiler, Christian G. Gerlach: High quality coding of wideband speech at 24 kbit/s.
• 
  H. Dia, Gang Feng, Yannick Mahieux: A 32 kbit/s wideband speech coder based on transform coding.
• 
  Oded Gottesman, Yair Shoham: Realtime implementation of high-quality 32 kbps wideband LD-CELP coder.
• 
  A. Popescu, D. Vicard, F. Druilhe: A fixed-point implementation of the 16 kb/s LD-CELP speech coding algorithm.
• 
  Christian G. Gerlach: Optimality of sequential quantization in analysis-by-synthesis speech codecs.
• 
  Radwan Kastantin, Gang Feng: A sub-band MPLPC coder for high quality speech coding at 16 kbit/s.
• 
  Enzo Mumolo, Alessio Rebelli: Optimal multepulse excitation determination by simulated annealing.
• 
  K. W. Law, C. F. Chan: Split vector quantization of the LPC parameters using weighted lattice structure.
• 
  Stefan Bruhn: A new approach to noiseless interframe coding of LPC parameters in vector quantizer applications.
• 
  Torbjørn Svendsen: Efficient quantization of speech spectral information.
• 
  Stefan Feldes: Enhancing robustness of coded LPC-spectra to channel errors by use of residual redundancy.
• 
  S. A. Atungsiri, Ahmet M. Kondoz, Barry G. Evans: Multi-rate source and channel coding for mobile communication systems.
• 
  Takehiro Moriya, Satoshi Miki, Kazunori Mano, Hitoshi Ohmuro: Training method of the excitation codebook for CELP.

Prosody: Phrasing

• 
  Gösta Bruce, Björn Granström, Kjell Gustafson, David House: Phrasing strategies in prosodic parsing and speech synthesis.
• 
  Eva Strangert, Bo Strangert: Prosody in the perception of syntactic boundaries.
• 
  Jan-Roelof de Pijper, Angelien Sanderman: Prosodic cues to the perception of constituent boundaries.
• 
  Esther Grabe, Tara Hoist, Francis Nolan, Paul Warren: Acoustic cues to syntactic structure - evidence from prosodic and segmental effects.
• 
  Frédéric Beaugendre, Anne Lacheret-Dujour: Automatic generation of French intonation based on a perceptual study and morpho-syntactic information.

MLPs and TDNNs for Speech Recognition

• 
  Stephen A. Zahorian, Zaki B. Nossair, Claude A. Norton III: A partitioned neural network approach for vowel classification using smoothed time/frequency features.
• 
  Tadashi Kitamura: Speaker-independent 100 word recognition using dynamic spectral features of speech and a neural network.
• 
  Ming Zhu, Klaus Fellbaum: Speaker independent isolated word recognition using vector quantization and neural networks.
• 
  Kjell Elenius, Hans G. C. Traven: Multi-layer perceptrons and probabilistic neural networks for phoneme recognition.
• 
  C. S. Blackburn, Julie Vonwiller, R. W. King: Automatic accent classification using artificial neural networks.
• 
  Mark Huckvale: The benefits of tiered segmentation for the recognition of phonetic properties.
• 
  David Lubensky: Generalized context-dependent phone modeling using artificial neural networks.
• 
  Hermann Hild, Alex Waibel: Speaker-independent connected letter recognition with a multi-state time delay neural network.
• 
  Ulrich Bodenhausen, Alex Waibel: Tuning by doing: flexibility through automatic structure optimization.
• 
  Christoph Windheuser, Frédéric Bimbot: Phonetic features for spelled letter recognition with a time delay neural network.
• 
  Veronika Bappert, Matthias Jobst: Training of a time-delay neural network for speech recognition by solving stiff differential equations.

Speech Translation, Language Identification, Parsers

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  Shigeki Sagayama, Jun-ichi Takami, Akito Nagai, Harald Singer, Kouichi Yamaguchi, Kazumi Ohkura, Kenji Kita, Akira Kurematsu: ATREUS: a speech recognition front-end for a speech translation system.
• 
  Tsuyoshi Morimoto, Toshiyuki Takezawa, Fumihiro Yato, Shigeki Sagayama, Toshihisa Tashiro, Masaaki Nagata, Akira Kurematsu: ATR's speech translation system: ASURA.
• 
  Monika Woszczyna, Noah Coccaro, A. Eisele, Alon Lavie, Arthur E. McNair, Thomas Polzin, Ivica Rogina, Carolyn Penstein Rosé, Tilo Sloboda, M. Tomita, J. Tsutsumi, N. Aoki-Waibel, Alex Waibel, Wayne H. Ward: Recent advances in JANUS: a speech translation system.
• 
  Manny Rayner, Ivan Bretan, David M. Carter, Michael Collins, Vassilios Digalakis, Björn Gambäck, Jaan Kaja, Jussi Karlgren, Bertil Lyberg, Stephen G. Pulman, Patti Price, Christer Samuelsson: Spoken language translation with MID-90's technology: a case study.
• 
  Timothy J. Hazen, Victor W. Zue: Automatic language identification using a segment-based approach.
• 
  Yeshwant K. Muthusamy, Kay M. Berkling, Takayuki Arai, Ronald A. Cole, Etienne Barnard: A comparison of approaches to automatic language identification using telephone speech.
• 
  Ying Cheng, Yves Normandin, Paul Fortier: Integration of neural networks and robust parsers in natural language understanding.
• 
  Pierre Dauchy, Christophe Mignot, Claude Valot: Joint speech and gesture analysis some experimental results on multimodal interface.
• 
  Keikichi Hirose, Yasuharu Asano: Generation of speech reply in the speech response system.
• 
  Evangelos Dermatas, George Kokkinakis: A fast multilingual probabilistic tagger.
• 
  Jin'ichi Murakami, Hiroki Yamatomo, Shigeki Sagayama: The possibility for acquisition of statistical network grammar using ergodic HMM.
• 
  Evelyne Millien, Roland Kuhn: A robust analyzer for spoken language understanding.
• 
  R. T. Dutton, John C. Foster, Mervyn A. Jack, F. W. M. Stentiford: Identifying usability attributes of automated telephone services.
• 
  Andrew Hunt: Utilising prosody to perform syntactic disambiguation.
• 
  Steven M. Hiller, Edmund Rooney, Jean-Paul Lefèvre, Mervyn A. Jack: Spell: an automated system for computer-aided pronunciation teaching.
• 
  Edmund Rooney, Rebecca Vaughan, Steven M. Hiller, Fabrizio Carraro, John Laver: Training vowel pronunciation using a computer-aided teaching system.
• 
  Mary Zajicek, Ken Brownsey: Methods for traversing a pre-recorded speech message network to optimise dialogue in telephone answering systems.
• 
  Roger Hanes, Jo Salter, Paul Popay, Frances Hedley: Service creation tools for creating speech interactive services.
• 
  Julia Hirschberg, Jacques M. B. Terken: Deaccentuation and persistence of grammatical function and surface position.
• 
  Stefan Euler, K. Riedel: Design and implementation of a speech server for unix based multimedia applications.
• 
  David Goodine, Victor W. Zue: Romaine: a lattice based approach to lexical access.
• 
  Toffee A. Albina, Erica G. Bernstein, David M. Goblirsch, Douglas E. Lake: A system for clustering spoken documents.

Dialogue Evalution

• 
  Nathalie A. Vergeynst, Keith Edwards, John C. Foster, Mervyn A. Jack: Spoken dialogues for human-computer interaction over the telephone: complexity measures.
• 
  Lynette Hirschman, Christine Pao: The cost of errors in a spoken language system.
• 
  Andrew Simpson, Norman M. Eraser: Black box and glass box evaluation of the SUNDIAL system.
• 
  Cristina Delogu, Andrea Di Carlo, Ciro Sementina, Silvia Stecconi: A methodology for evaluating human-machine spoken language interaction.
• 
  Philippe Morin, Jean-Claude Junqua: Error correction and ambiguity resolution in multimodal man-machine dialogue.

Data Bases

• 
  Marie-Franoise Castaing, Dominique True-Martini: Analysis of the speaker and operator behaviours.
• 
  Alix de Ginestel-Mailland, Martine de Calmès, Guy Perennou: Multi-level transcription of speech corpora from orthographic forms.
• 
  Andrej Ljolje, Michael D. Riley: Automatic segmentation of speech for TTS.
• 
  Olivier Boëffard, B. Cherbonnel, F. Emerard, S. White: Automatic segmentation and quality evaluation of speech unit inventories for concatenation-based, multilingual PSOLA text-to-speech systems.

Letter to Sound and Architecture for TTS

• 
  Bert Van Coile: On the development of pronunciation rules for text-to-speech synthesis.
• 
  Walter Daelemans, Antal van den Bosch: Tabtalk: reusability in data-oriented grapheme-to-phoneme conversion.
• 
  Anders Lindström, Mats Ljungqvist, Kjell Gustafson: A modular architecture supporting multiple hypotheses for conversion of text to phonetic and linguistic entities.
• 
  Jon P. Iles, William H. Edmondson: The use of a non-linear model for text-to-speech conversion.

Perception

• 
  Astrid van Wieringen, John K. Cullen, Louis C. W. Pols: The perceptual relevance of CV- and VC- transitions in identifying stop consonants: cross-language results.
• 
  Vincent J. van Heuven, Willy Jongenburger: Perceptual effects of place and voicing assimilation in dutch consonants.
• 
  Brit van Ooyen: Detection of vowels and consonants by human listeners: effects of minimising auditory memory load.
• 
  Gérard Bailly: Resonances as possible representation of speech in the auditory-to-articulatory transform.
• 
  Rob Goedemans, Vincent J. van Heuven: A perceptual explanation of the weightlessness of the syllable onset.

Search Algorithms

• 
  Enrico Bocchieri: A study of the beam-search algorithm for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition and methods for improved efficiency.
• 
  Lorenzo Fissore, Egidio P. Giachin, Pietro Laface, P. Massafra: Using grammars in forward and backward search.
• 
  Gernot A. Fink, Franz Kummert, Gerhard Sagerer, Bernd Seestaedt: Robust interpretation of speech.
• 
  I. Lee Hetherington, Michael S. Phillips, James R. Glass, Victor W. Zue: A* word network search for continuous speech recognition.
• 
  Roxane Lacouture, Yves Normandin: Efficient lexical access strategies.

Speech Recognition, HMMs, NNs

• 
  M. Inés Torres, Francisco Casacuberta: Multiple codebook Spanish phone recognition using semicontinuous hidden Markov models.
• 
  Antonio Bonafonte, Xavier Ros, Jose B. Marifio: An efficient algorithm to find the best state sequence in HSMM.
• 
  Alex Acero, C. Crespo, C. de la Torre, Juan Carlos Torrecilla: Robust HMM-based endpoint detector.
• 
  Isabel Galiano, Francisco Casacuberta: Experiments on Spanish phone recognition using automatically derived phonemic baseforms.
•