Please note that the pages were renumbered with respect to the printed proceedings. The printed proceedings appeared in two volumes with separate page numberings. These numberings were converted in this archive. So, page 1043 means volume 1, page 43, and page 2423 means volume 2, page 423

Plenary

• 
  Loll N. Rolling: Speech ninety-two - new horizons for the european community. 1001-1002
• 
  Gunnar Fant: Speech research in perspective. 1003-1004

Speech Recognition: Subword Units in ASR

• 
  Mei-Yuh Hwang, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, Kai-Fu Lee: Modeling between-word coarticulation in continuous speech recognition. 1005-1008
• 
  Kari Torkkola, Kimmo Raivio: Comparison of symbolic and connectionist approaches to eliminate coarticulation effects in phonemic speech recognition. 1009-1012
• 
  Alessandro Falaschi: A functional based phonetic units definition for statistical speech recognizers. 1013-1016
• 
  Walter Weigel, Günther Ruske: Continuous speech recognition using syllabic segmentation and demisyllable hidden Markov models. 1017-1020
• 
  Alain J. Vigier, Harvey F. Silverman: Disambiguation of the e-set for connected-alphadigit recognition. 1021-1024

Language Processing: Semantic Oriented Language Analysis

• 
  S. R. Young: Use of dialogue, pragmatics and semantics to enhance speech recognition: applicability and limitations of dynamically reducing perplexity. 1025
• 
  Gerhard Th. Niedermair: The use of a semantic network in speech dialogue. 1026-1029
• 
  Herbert S. Tropf: Syntax in the spoken dialogue system spicos-II. 1030-1033
• 
  Brigitte Biebow, Pascal Coupey, Sylvie Szulman: Using exceptions in a semantic network for a natural language application. 1034-1037

Speech Analysis: Prosody

• 
  René Collier: Intonation analysis: the perception of speech melody in relation to acoustics and production. 1038-1044
• 
  Cinzia Avesani: Towards a model of Italian intonation. 1045
• 
  P. Mertens: Automatic recognition of intonation in French and dutch. 1046-1050
• 
  Ingo Hertrich, R. D. Gartenberg: A new method in intonation research using partly controlled, simulated dialogues. 1051-1054

Perception: Segmental

• 
  Willem J. M. Peeters, William J. Barry: Diphthong dynamics: production and perception in southern british English. 1055-1058
• 
  W. Datscheweit: Quantitative measurement of the influence of acoustic cues on the perception of voiced plosives. 1059-1062
• 
  Jean-Luc Schwartz, Louis-Jean Boë, Pascal Perrier, Bernard Guérin, Pierre Escudier: Perceptual contract and stability in vowel systems: a 3-d simulation study. 1063-1066
• 
  Ian M. C. Watson, Marianne McCormick, Franz Seitz, Anthony Bladon, Rosalind Temple: The use of perceptually scaled spectra in across-talker algorithmic classification of british English stop consonants. 1067-1070
• 
  Ton Broeders, Toni C. M. Rietveld: Segmental marking as a cue in auditory voice identification of telephone speech. 1071-1074

Speech Recognition: Systems

• 
  Peter Fesseler, Heidi Hackbarth, Marianne Kugler, Arnd Boehm: Automatic vocabulary extension for a speaker-adaptive speech recognition system based on CVC units. 1075-1078
• 
  Carlo Scagliola, Cesare Vicenzi, Angelo Carossino, Donatella Sciarra: Iterative optimization of sub-word templates for speech recognition. 1079-1082
• 
  F. Monnet, S. Jousset, A. Demour, P. Richard: The IKAROS continuous speech understanding system: first demonstrator. 1083
• 
  D. Fournol, C. Godin, Y. Guidon, P. Richard: The spin continuous-speech decoding system. 1084-1087
• 
  Evangelos Dermatas, Nikos Fakotakis, George K. Kokkinakis: Improved speaker independent IWRS for small vocabularies. 1088-1090
• 
  P. Buttafava, Roberto Billi, W. Digiampietro, G. Massia, V. Vittorelli: Architecture and implementation of the olivetti PC-based very large vocabulary isolated word speech recognition system. 1091-1093
• 
  Martine Adda-Decker: Continuous speech recognition using phone-based anchor point detection and diphone-based dp-matching. 1094-1097
• 
  Michael Bundgaard: Statistical analysis of large-scale lexical corpuses in the context of continuous speech recognition systems (CSR systems). 1098-1101
• 
  José B. Mariño, Climent Nadeu, Asunción Moreno, Eduardo Lleida, Enric Monte: Recognition of numbers and strings of numbers by using demisyllables: one speaker experiment. 1102-1105
• 
  Giulio Colangeli, Filippo Ardito: A transputer based system for parallel dynamic time warping. 1106-1109
• 
  Jan M. Noyes, Clive Frankish: Gender differences in speech recognition performance. 1110-1112

Speech Synthesis: Techniques and Applications

• 
  Rolf Carlson, Björn Granström, Anders Lindström: Predicting name pronunciation for a reverse directory service. 1113-1116
• 
  Murray F. Spiegel, Marian J. Macchi, Kurt D. Gollhardt: Synthesis of names by a demisyllable-based speech synthesizer (SPOKESMAN). 1117-1120
• 
  Robin W. King: Layout processing, user control and prosody insertion in an on-line synthetic speech system. 1121-1124
• 
  William A. Ainsworth, B. Pell: Connectionist architectures for a text-to-speech system. 1125-1128
• 
  Louis ten Bosch, René Collier, Louis Boves: From diphones to allophones: from data to rules. 1129-1131
• 
  H. Loman, Renée van Bezooijen, Joop Kerkhoff, Louis Boves: A working environment and procedure for the development of speech synthesis rules. 1132-1135
• 
  Gérard Bailly, A. Tran: Compost: a rule-compiler for speech synthesis. 1136-1139
• 
  Tomohisa Hirokawa: Speech synthesis using a waveform dictionary. 1140-1143
• 
  Marina Bäckström, Ken Ceder, Bertil Lyberg: PROPHON - an interactive environment for text-to-speech conversion. 1144-1147

Speech Recognition: HMM

• 
  Kai-Fu Lee: Hidden Markov models: past, present, and future. 1148-1155
• 
  Lalit R. Bahl, Steven V. De Gennaro, P. S. Gopalakrishnan, Robert L. Mercer: A fast approximate acoustic match for large vocabulary speech recognition. 1156-1158
• 
  António Joaquim Serralheiro, Yariv Ephraim, Lawrence R. Rabiner: On nonstationary hidden Markov modeling of speech signals. 1159-1162
• 
  X. D. Huang, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, Kai-Fu Lee: Large-vocabulary speaker-independent continuous speech recognition with semi-continuous hidden Markov models. 1163-1166
• 
  Andrew Varga, Keith Ponting: Control experiments on noise compensation in hidden Markov model based continuous word recognition. 1167-1170
• 
  Akihiro Imamura, Hiroshi Hamada, Ryohei Nakatsu: Speaker-independent word recognition through telephone networks using hidden Markov models. 1171-1174

Language Processing: Semantic Oriented Language Analysis

• 
  Michael Streit: Presuppositions and anaphora in a question answering speech system. 1175-1178
• 
  Patti Price, Robert C. Moore, Hy Murveit, Fernando C. N. Pereira, Jared Bernstein, Mary Dalrymple: The integration of speech and natural language in interactive spoken language systems. 1179-1182
• 
  P. Mousel, Jean-Marie Pierrel, A. Roussanaly: Cooperation and representation of syntactic-semantic and pragmatic knowledge in a natural language task oriented spoken dialogue system. 1183-1186
• 
  K. Matrouf, Francoise Neel, Jean-Luc Gauvain, Joseph Mariani: Adaptive syntax representation in an oral task-oriented dialogue for air-traffic controller training. 1187-1190
• 
  Sheri Hunnicutt: Using syntactic and semantic information in a word prediction aid. 1191-1193
• 
  Naomi Inoue, Tsuyoshi Morimoto, Kentaro Ogura: A linguistic knowledge base for applying semantic information to a speech understanding system. 1194-1197
• 
  Hiroaki Kitano, Hideto Tomabechi, Teruko Mitamura, Hitoshi Iida: A massively parallel model of speech-to-speech dialog translation: a step toward interpreting telephony. 1198-1201

Speech Analysis: Prosody

• 
  Jacqueline Vaissière: On automatic extraction of prosodic information for automatic speech recognition system. 1202-1205
• 
  Ian S. Howard, J. R. Walliker: The implementation of a portable real-time multilayer-perceptron speech fundamental period estimator. 1206-1209
• 
  Anton Batliner, Elmar Nöth: The prediction of focus. 1210-1213
• 
  Hugo Quené, Rene Kager: Automatic accentuation and prosodic phrasing for dutch text-to-speech conversion. 1214-1218
• 
  Renée van Bezooijen, Louis C. W. Pols: Evaluation of a sentence accentuation algorithm for a dutch text-to-speech system. 1218-1221
• 
  Philippe Martin: Automatic assignment of lexical stress in Italian. 1222-1225
• 
  James Hieronymus: Automatic sentential vowel stress labelling. 1226-1229

Perception: Auditory Processing

• 
  C. J. Darwin: Speech perception seen through the ear. 1230-1234
• 
  Zong Liang Wu, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Pierre Escudier: A theoretical study of neural mechanisms specialized in the detection of articulatory-acoustic events. 1235-1238
• 
  M. J. Pont, Robert I. Damper: A possible neural basis for the categorical perception of the English voiced/voiceless contrast. 1239-1242
• 
  R. W. Hukin, Robert I. Damper: Testing an auditory model by resynthesis. 1243-1246
• 
  Frédéric Berthommier, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Pierre Escudier: Auditory processing in a post-cochlear neural network vowel spectrum processing based on spike synchrony. 1247-1250
• 
  Mariken ter Keurs, Reinier Plomp, Joost M. Festen: Effects of spectral smearing on speech reception. 1251-1253

Speech Recognition: Robust Recognition and Speaker Recognition

• 
  Y. Fujihashi, A. Fukui: Telephone speech recognition system with high noise immunity. 1254-1257
• 
  Gu Yong, John S. Mason: Speaker normalization via a linear transformation on a perceptual feature space and its benefits in ASR adaptation. 1258-1261
• 
  Hans-Wilhelm Rühl, Stefan Dobler, J. Weith, Peter Meyer, Andreas Noll, Hans-Hermann Hamer, H. Piotrowski: Speech recognition in the noisy car environment. 1262-1265
• 
  Michael Carey, Amanda Howe, Roger Tucker: On the recognition of key words in unconstrained conversation. 1266
• 
  John S. Mason, John Oglesby, L. Xu: Codebooks to optimise speaker recognition. 1267-1270
• 
  L. Xu, John S. Mason: Instantaneous and transitional perceptually-based features in speaker identification. 1271-1274
• 
  Claudio Rocchi, Enzo Mumolo: A new method for performing weighted distances for speaker authentication. 1275-1278
• 
  A. Federico, G. Ibba, Andrea Paoloni, N. De Sario, B. Saverione: Comparison between automatic methods and human listeners in speaker recognition tasks. 1279-1282
• 
  Antonella Giannini, Massimo Pettorino, Umberto Cinque: Speaker's identification by voice. 1283-1286
• 
  Janusz Zalewski: Text dependent speaker recognition in noise. 1287-1289

Speech Coding: Coders Design and Evaluation

• 
  Yoshimitsu Hirata, Seiichi Nakagawa: A lOObit/s speech coding using a speech recognition technique. 1290-1293
• 
  Jean-Paul Lefèvre, Roberto Viola: Real-time multirate speech codec for manned spacecraft communications. 1294-1297
• 
  R. Soheili, Ahmet M. Kondoz, Barry G. Evans: New innovations in multi-pulse speech coding for bit rates below 8 kb/s. 1298-1301
• 
  I. Boyd, C. B. Southcott, P. J. Bolingbroke: A speech coder for aeronautical telecommunications. 1302-1305
• 
  Kazunori Ozawa: A 4.8 kb/s high-quality speech coding using various types of excitation signals. 1306-1309
• 
  M. Delprat, M. Lever, C. Gruet: Efficient excitation model and fast selection in CELP coding of speech. 1310-1313
• 
  S. A. Atungsiri, Ahmet M. Kondoz, Barry G. Evans: A low bit rate speech coder optimized for forward error control. 1314-1317
• 
  Kazumi Satoh, Hideaki Kurihara, Shigeyuki Unagami, Masanori Kajihara, Yoshihiro Tomita: 8- and 16-kb/s APC-AB voice codec using a single chip DSP. 1318-1321
• 
  Nicolas Moreau, Przemyslaw Dymarski: Mixed excitation CELP coder. 1322-1325
• 
  Bruno Wery, Andre Leroux, Henry-Philippe Delbrouck, J. Leclerc: A new parametric speech analysis and synthesis technique in the frequency domain. 1326-1328

Speech Recognition: Connectionist Network

• 
  Pascal Blanchet: Multilayer perceptron architectures for data compression tasks. 1329-1332
• 
  Steve Renals, Jonathan Dalby: Analysis of a neural network model for speech recognition. 1333-1336
• 
  Stefano Patarnello, Stefano Scarei: Self-organizing boolean networks for speech recognition. 1337-1340
• 
  Enric Monte, Eduardo Lleida, José B. Mariño: New backpropagation algorithm using quadratic potential functions, and an experiment on isolated word recognition. 1341-1344
• 
  Jari Kangas, Teuvo Kohonen: Transient map method in stop consonant discrimination. 1345-1348

Speech Synthesis: Voice Source and Prosody

• 
  Inger Karlsson: A female voice for a text-to-speech system. 1349-1352
• 
  William J. Barry, Martine Grice, Valérie Hazan, Adrian Fourcin: Excitation distributions for synthesised speech. 1353-1356
• 
  Jacques M. B. Terken, René Collier: Automatic synthesis of natural-sounding intonation for text-to-speech conversion in dutch. 1357-1359
• 
  P. J. Moreno, M. Martinez, José Manuel Pardo, José A. Vallejo: Improving naturalness in a text-to-speech system with a new fundamental frequency algorithm. 1360-1363
• 
  T. Brovchenko, V. Voloshin: Discourse intonation and expressive synthetic speech. 1364-1365

Speech Recognition: Tools for Feature-Based Phonetic Recognition

• 
  Art Blokland, Henry S. Thompson: A parser for feature-based speech recognition. 1366-1368
• 
  Noel Nguyen-Trong: A recent advance in factorial analysis, related to phonetic feature extraction. 1369
• 
  Katsuhiko Shirai, Noriyuki Aoki, Naoki Hosaka: Phoneme recognition in continuous speech using feature selection based on mutual information. 1370-1373
• 
  Franck Poirier: Automatic labelling of continuous speech based on hierarchical representation of the energy. 1374-1377
• 
  Henry S. Thompson: A chart parsing realisation of dynamic programming, with best-first enumeration of paths in a lattice. 1378-1381

Language Processing: Written Language Analysis

• 
  Evangelos Dermatas, George K. Kokkinakis: A system for automatic text labelling. 1382-1385
• 
  D. Cericola, Morena Danieli, M. J. Mollo, D. Voltolini: Morpho-syntactic tools for speech processing. 1386-1389
• 
  A. Mastrolonardo, Mario Refice: Measuring the power of self-organized linguistic models. 1390-1393
• 
  Christophe Fouqueré: Is nonmonotonic grammar a solution to natural language processing? 1394-1397
• 
  Emmanuel Reynier, Jean Caelen: ATN compiler and parser for an ASR system. 1398-1401

Applications: Designing an Application

• 
  K. E. P. Carter, S. Gookson, Alan F. Newell, John L. Arnott, Richard Dye: The effect of feedback on composition rate using a simulated listening typewriter. 1402-1404
• 
  Benjamin Chigier, Erik Urdang, Judith Spitz: Analysis of two algorithms for telephone speech recognition. 1405-1407
• 
  Trevor Thomas, Jeremy Peckham, E. Frangoulis, J. Cove: The sensitivity of speech recognisers to speaker variability and speaker variation. 1408-1411
• 
  V. V. Vu, R. A. King: Automatic diagnostic and assessment procedures for the comparison and optimisation of time encoded speech (TES) DVI systems. 1412-1416
• 
  R. D. Hughes, R. A. King: A comparison of the performance of "normal" and "whispered" speech with simple time encoded digital speech (TES) direct voice input (DVI) systems in a tactical military environment. 1417-1420
• 
  Hiroshi Hamada, Satoshi Miki, Ryohei Nakatsu: Automatic evaluation of English pronunciation based on speech recognition techniques. 1421-1424
• 
  Mark J. Bakkum, Reinier Plomp, Louis C. W. Pols: Objective evaluation of word pronunciation by filter-band analysis. 1425-1428
• 
  R. G. Leiser, S. E. Avons: Paralanguage and human-computer dialogue. 1429-1432
• 
  Klaus Fellbaum, Rainer Heinstein, Helmut Loebner: Speech dialogue systems - state of the art and selected applications. 1433-1436
• 
  Alberto Ciaramella, Davide Clementino, Roberto Pacifici: Characterization of a large vocabulary isolated words and continuous speech recognizer. 1437-1440
• 
  Thomas B. Schalk: Automating operator-assisted calls using speech recognition. 1441-1444
• 
  G. Murillo, Gérard Benbassat, Y. Masse: The texas-instruments PC-based speech vocabulary development system makes it even easier to put speech into applications. 1445
• 
  Yutaka Kobayashi, Yasuhisa Niimi: An efficient VQ code search algorithm using signal continuity. 1446-1449

Speech Analysis: Miscellaneous

• 
  Matti Karjalainen, Toomas Altosaar, Paavo Alku, Lauri Lehtinen, Seppo Helle: Speech processing in the object-oriented DSP environment quicksig. 1450-1453
• 
  Dominique Béroule: Management of time distortions through rough coincidence detection. 1454-1457
• 
  Rolf Carlson, Lennart Nord: Positional variants of Swedish sonorants in an analysis-synthesis scheme. 1458-1461
• 
  Chorkin Chan, Jun Bao, Jian-Xiong Wu: A preliminary study on the static representation of short-timed speech dynamics. 1462-1465
• 
  T. J. Moulsley, P. R. Holmes: An adaptive voiced/unvoiced speech classifier. 1466-1469
• 
  Milan Stamenkovic, Juraj Bakran: An intelligent pitch tracker based on formal language theory and phonetic knowledge. 1470-1473
• 
  Massimo Giustiniani: A new algorithm for fundamental frequency estimation. 1474-1475
• 
  Henning Reetz: A fast expert program for pitch extraction. 1476-1479
• 
  Daniel Hirst, Robert Espesser: Automatic modelling of fundamental frequency curves. 1480

Speech Recognition: HMM

• 
  Hsiao-Wuen Hon, Kai-Fu Lee, Robert Weide: Towards speech recognition without vocabulary-specific training. 1481-1484
• 
  Peter Davies: Hidden Markov modelling of modern standard Chinese tones in connected speech. 1485
• 
  Jeremy H. Wright, E. N. Wrigley, Michael J. Carey: Probabilistic multilevel language analysis for speech recognition. 1486-1489
• 
  Kai-Fu Lee, Sanjoy Mahajan: Corrective and reinforcement learning for speaker-independent continuous speech recognition. 1490-1493
• 
  Gerhard Rigoll: An information theory approach to speaker adaptation. 1494-1497

Speech Synthesis: Voice Source and Prosody

• 
  Gunnar Fant, Anita Kruckenberg, Lennart Nord: Rhythmical structures in text reading - a language contrasting study. 1498-1501
• 
  Alex I. C. Monaghan: Phonological domains for intonation in speech synthesis. 1502-1505
• 
  Silvia Quazza, G. Varese, E. Vivalda: Syntactic pre-processing for high quality text-to-speech. 1506-1509
• 
  Danielle Larreur, Françoise Emerard, F. Marty: Linguistic and prosodic processing for a text-to-speech synthesis system. 1510-1513
• 
  Nick J. Youd, Frank Fallside: Driving a speech synthesizer from conceptual input in the context of a voice dialogue system. 1514-1517

Speech Recognition: Prosody and Lexical Access in Knowledge-Based Recognition

• 
  M. K. Nasri, Geneviève Caelen-Haumont, Jean Caelen: Comparative study between uniform and variable coding used for inferring prosodic rules in automatic speech recognition expert systems. 1518-1521
• 
  Noëlle Carbonell: On the use of prosodic knowledge for continuous speech recognition and understanding. 1522-1525
• 
  Michael Bundgaard: An algorithm for recognition of stress in danish and its application in an ASR system. 1526
• 
  A. Di Carlo, Andrea Paoloni: An experiment in word hypothesization performed in the context of a continuous speech recognition system. 1527-1529
• 
  Bernhard Kaspar, Bernd Lochschmidt: SPEECHLEX - phonological word modelling component of an experimental speech recognition system. 1530-1533

Language Processing: Written Language Analysis

• 
  Kjell Elenius, Rolf Carlson: Assigning parts-of-speech to words from their orthography using a connectionist model. 1534-1537
• 
  Mike McAllister: The problems of punctuation ambiguity in fully automatic text-to-speech conversion. 1538-1541
• 
  Mario Refice, Michelina Savino: Word endings analysis of european languages. 1542-1545
• 
  M. Prakash, G. V. Ramana Rao, C. Chandra Sekhar, B. Yegnanarayana: Parsing spoken utterances in an inflectional language. 1546-1549
• 
  Jean-Baptiste Berthelin, Jean Pierre Fournier, Brigitte Grau: Processing non-expected language. 1550-1552

Applications: Applications and Specialized Devices

• 
  T. A. Moore, R. A. King: A voice to data convertor for use in a hostile tactical military environment. 1553-1556
• 
  D. Boillon, R. Breitschaedel, Y. Corvellec, D. Bergmann: Speech interface for an experimental office system. 1557-1560
• 
  Antonello Riccio, Fabrizio Carraro, Enzo Mumolo: Voice based remote data base access. 1561-1564
• 
  Riccardo Cecinati, Alberto Ciaramella, Luigi Licciardi, Giovanni Venuti: Implementation of a dynamic time warp integrated circuit for large vocabulary isolated and connected speech recognition. 1565-1568
• 
  Christian Gagnoulet, J. Damay: MAIRIEVOX: a speech-activated voice information system. 1569-1572
• 
  Rolf Haberbeck: The communication interface - a management system for advanced user interfaces. 1573-1576
• 
  H. Bther, Rolf Haberbeck, C. Volmary: Strategies for the use of multi-media and multi-modal input facilities at office workstations. 1577-1580
• 
  I. Lecomte, Jérôme Boudy, C. Baillargeat, M. Lever: Speech processing in car environment. 1581
• 
  J. C. Ventura: Multiband digital gain controller. 1582-1585
• 
  Abdulmesih Aktas, Harald Höge: Multi-DSP and VQ-ASIC based acoustic front-end for real-time speech processing tasks. 1586-1589
• 
  Bert Van Coile, Jean-Pierre Martens: Dutch text-to-speech aids for the vocally handicapped. 1590-1593

Signal Processing: Acoustics, Noise, and Enhancement

• 
  Xixian Chen, Changnian Cai: A novel approach for degraded speech recognition. 1594-1595
• 
  Slobodan Jovicic, P. Randelovid: An algorithm for time-scaling of speech signal. 1596-1599
• 
  M. R. Varley, R. J. Simpson, T. J. Terrell: Pitch determination algorithms for speech and their implementation using a high performance single chip digital signal processor. 1600-1603
• 
  B. Yegnanarayana, K. V. Madhu Murthy: Analysis of short time speech segments based on linear prediction. 1604
• 
  F. J. Owens, M. S. Murphy: Non-uniform RFT filterbank design for speech processing. 1605-1608
• 
  Josef Psutka: The use of the LPC residual error autocorrelation to pitch period extraction. 1609-1612
• 
  Dominique Fohr, Yves Laprie: Snorri: an interactive tool for speech analysis. 1613-1616
• 
  M. Fikri, M. F. Aou-El-Yazid, M. R. El-Ghonemy: Improving formant bandwidth estimation by selective lag windowing. 1617-1620
• 
  Paul van Alphen, Louis C. W. Pols: A real-time FIR-based felterbank, as the acoustic front end of a speech recognizer. 1621-1624
• 
  Kari-Pekka Estola: Multirate Gaussian scale-space filtering. 1625-1628
• 
  A. Farassopoulos, A. Farassopoulos-Gerber: Speech enhancement for hearing aids in noisy environment. 1629-1632
• 
  Kazuo Nakata, Akihiko Sugiura: Noise reduction of speech by neural networks and vector quantization. 1633-1636

Speech Recognition: Large Vocabulary and Multilingual Aspects

• 
  Kyung-ho Loken-Kim, Yasuhiro Nara: A postprocessor for a large vocabulary Japanese speech recognition system. 2001-2004
• 
  O. S. Emam, M. A. Hashish: Large-vocabulary isolated Arabic word recognition system: preliminary results. 2005-2008
• 
  Klaus Wothke, U. Bandara, J. Kempf, E. Keppel, K. Mohr, Georg Walch: The SPRING speech recognition system for German. 2009-2012

Speech Synthesis: Methods

• 
  Francis Charpentier, Eric Moulines: Pitch-synchronous waveform processing techniques for text-to-speech synthesis using diphones. 2013-2019
• 
  Georg Heike, Reinhold Greisbach, Stefan Hilger, Bernd J. Kröger: Speech synthesis by acoustic control. 2020-2022
• 
  Pierre Badin, Gunnar Fant: Fricative production modelling: aerodynamic and acoustic data. 2023-2026

Signal Processing: Miscellaneous

• 
  A. P. Lobo, William A. Ainsworth: Evaluation of a glottal ARMA modelling scheme. 2027-2030
• 
  Paavo Alku, Unto K. Laine: A new glottal LPC method of low complexity for speech analysis and coding. 2031-2034
• 
  O. Gautherot, John S. Mason, P. Corney: LPC residual phase investigation. 2035-2038
• 
  R. Di Francesco, E. Moulines: Detection of the glottal closure by jumps in the statistical properties of the signal. 2039-2042
• 
  Johan de Veth, W. van Golstein Brouwers, Louis Boves: Robust ARMA analysis for accurate determination of system parameters of the voice source and vocal tract. 2043-2046

Language Processing: Speech-Oriented Language Analysis

• 
  Yifan Gong, Anne Boyer, Jean Paul Haton: Parallel construction of syntactic structure for continuous speech recognition. 2047-2050
• 
  Volker Steinbiss: Sentence-hypotheses generation in a continuous-speech recognition system. 2051-2054
• 
  David McKelvie, Fergus R. McInnes: Using entropy as a measure of phoneme lattice quality and to evaluate lexical access mechanisms. 2055-2058
• 
  Henry S. Thompson, David McKelvie, Fergus R. McInnes: Robust lexical access for continuous speech using dynamic time warping and finite-state transducers. 2059-2062
• 
  Walther Senders, Marianne Kugler, Louis Boves: Simultaneous optimisation of several variables in a probabilistic language model. 2063-2066

Speech Analysis: Segmentation and Labelling

• 
  Anastasios Tsopanoglou, J. Mourjopoulos, George K. Kokkinakis: Continuous speech phoneme segmentation method based on the instantaneous frequency. 2067-2070
• 
  E. J. M. van Mierlo, E. Blaauw, Gerrit Bloothooft: Phoneme segmentation of speech, based on temporal decomposition using band filter spectra and phonetic rules. 2071-2074
• 
  Asunción Moreno, P. Armas, José B. Mariño, Enrique Masgrau: Automatic segmentation of Spanish speech into syllables. 2075-2078
• 
  Helge B. D. Sørensen, Paul Dalsgaard: Multi-level segmentation of natural continuous speech using different auditory front-ends. 2079-2082
• 
  C. Dours, Martine de Calmès, Harouna Kabré, J. M. Pecatte, Guy Perennou, Nadine Vigouroux: A multi-level automatic segmentation system: SAPHO and VERIPHONE. 2083-2086
• 
  Guy Perennou, Nadine Vigouroux, Louis-Jean Boë, Geneviève Caelen-Haumont, Denis Autesserre, Dominique Fohr: Comparison of temporal and frequential methods of speech data base labelling. 2087
• 
  A. van Erp, C. G. J. Houben, William J. Barry, Martine Grice, Louis-Jean Boë, G. Braun, Piero Cosi, N. Dyhr, Guy Perennou, Nadine Vigouroux, Denis Autesserre: A unified approach to the labelling of speech: first multilingual results. 2088-2091
• 
  Henry S. Thompson: Hill climbing to improve the performance of rule-based segmentation and labelling. 2092-2095
• 
  S. Seidl, R. Poirier: An approach for automatic determination of break points in the speech waveform. 2096-2099
• 
  A. K. Datta: Manner-based labelling of speech signal using total energy profile. 2100-2103
• 
  C. G. J. Houben: Automatic labelling of speech using an acoustic-phonetic knowledge base. 2104-2107

Perceptual Aspects of Prosody and Voice Quality

• 
  René Collier, A. de Zitter, Jacques M. B. Terken: On the perceptual salience of melodical variations and its consequences for intonation synthesis. 2108-2111
• 
  R. D. Gartenberg, Ingo Hertrich: Speaker responses to F0 manipulations in partly controlled simulated dialogues. 2112
• 
  Florien J. Koopmans-van Beinum, Dick R. van Bergem: The role of 'given' and 'new in the production and perception of vowel contrasts in read text and in spontaneous speech. 2113-2116
• 
  Rodmonga Potapova: Some aspects of intonation in modern standard Russian (analysis-synthesis-analysis). 2117-2120
• 
  E. Nushikyan: Analysis, synthesis and perception of emotional speech. 2121-2122
• 
  D. Pascal, C. Thill, M. Boyer: Perceptive similarity of male voices: correlation with acoustic measures. 2123-2126
• 
  Mirjam T. J. Tielen: Intelligibility of male and female voices under a few noise conditions. 2127-2130
• 
  T. Shevchenko: What's in a voice: a system of regional and social acoustic characteristics based on the analysis of 100 british English voices. 2131-2134
• 
  Christian Cavé, Thami Benkirane: A perceptual study of vowel-duration as a cue to word-boundaries in moroccan Arabic. 2135
• 
  Hans Grassegger: Perceptual investigations on consonantal segments of a German text-to-speech system. 2136-2138
• 
  Bernard Harmegnies, John H. Esling, Veronique Delplancq: Quantitative study of the effects of settings changes on the LTAS. 2139-2142
• 
  Deborah Gnzburger, Marianne de Vries: How do minor acoustical cues affect male and female voice quality? 2143-2145

Speech Recognition: Miscellaneous

• 
  José M. Pardo, H. Hasan: Large vocabulary speaker-independent isolated-word speech recognition using hidden Markov models: status report and planned research. 2146-2149
• 
  Helene Cerf-Danon, Anne-Marie Derouault, M. Elbeze, Bernard Mérialdo: Speech recognition in French with a very large dictionary. 2150-2153
• 
  Marco Ferretti, Stefano Scarci: Large-vocabulary speech recognition with speaker-adapted codebook and HMM parameters. 2154-2156
• 
  Roberto Billi, G. Arman, D. Cericola, G. Massia, M. J. Mollo, F. Tafini, G. Varese, V. Vittorelli: A pc-based very large vocabulary isolated word speech recognition system. 2157-2160
• 
  Janet M. Baker: Dragondictate (TM)-30k: natural language speech recognition with 30, 000 words. 2161-2163
• 
  Donatella Sciarra, Carlo Scagliola: Two-step recognition of large vocabulary isolated words based on diphone spotting. 2164-2167
• 
  Louis Boves: A multi-lingual language model for large vocabulary speech recognition. 2168-2171

Speech Synthesis: Methods

• 
  Mohamad Mrayati, René Carré: Speech synthesis based on vocal tract region theory. 2172-2175
• 
  F. J. Owens, G. T. H. Wright, N. W. Ramsey: A time-domain articulatory speech synthesiser. 2176-2179
• 
  Lauri Lehtinen, Matti Karjalainen: Individual sounding speech synthesis by rule using the microphonemic method. 2180-2182
• 
  Frédéric Bimbot, Gérard Chollet, Paul Deléglise: Speech synthesis by structured segments, using temporal decomposition and a glottal excitation. 2183-2186
• 
  Alessandro Falaschi, Massimo Giustiniani, Massimo Verola: A hidden Markov model approach to speech synthesis. 2187-2190
• 
  Reinhard Posmyk: Time-domain synthesizer for preserving microprosody. 2191-2194
• 
  Kazuya Takeda, Katsuo Abe, Yoshinori Sagisaka, Hisao Kuwabara: Adaptive manipulation of non-uniform synthesis units using multi-level unit transcription. 2195-2198

Signal Processing: Miscellaneous

• 
  Dominic S. F. Chan, D. M. Brookes: Variability of excitation parameters derived from robust closed phase glottal inverse filtering. 2199-2202
• 
  Jorge S. Marques, Luis B. Almeida: Sinusoidal modeling of voiced and unvoiced speech. 2203-2206
• 
  Shuichi Itahashi, Kazuyuki Takagi: Automatic formant frequency extraction by moment calculation of speech spectrum. 2207-2210
• 
  Christophe d'Alessandro: Time-frequency modifications using an elementary waveform speech model. 2211-2214
• 
  Climent Nadeu, Eduardo Lleida, Javier Hernando: Modeling of the analytic spectrum for speech recognition. 2215-2218

Language Processing: Speech-Oriented Language Analysis

• 
  Akira Kurematsu: Relationship between speech processing and language processing - speech translation from Japanese to English. 2219
• 
  Peter Henrich: Language identification for the automatic grapheme-to-phoneme conversion of foreign words in a German text-to-speech system. 2220-2223
• 
  Seiichi Nakagawa, Yoshihisa Ohguro, Yasuhide Hashimoto: The syntax-oriented speech understanding system - SPOJUS-SYNO. 2224-2227
• 
  Hitoshi Iida, Kiyoshi Kogure, Kei Yoshimoto, Teruaki Aizawa: An experimental spoken natural dialogue translation system using a lexicon-driven grammar. 2228-2231
• 
  Lars Bo Larsen, Anders Baekgaard, Michael Bundgaard: Constructing a large size lexicon for a continuous speech recognition system. 2232-2235
• 
  Dominique Delomier, Andre Meunier, Mary-Annick Morel: Linguistic features of human-machine oral dialogue. 2236-2239

Speech Recognition0: Recognition of Phonetic Units

• 
  Jean Rouat, Renato de Mori, Jean-Pierre Adoul: Speaker and mother tongue independent analysis and recognition of some nasals, liquids and fricatives for integration in an automatic speech recognition system. 2240-2243
• 
  Jonathan Dalby, Alan Crowe, Andrew M. Sutherland: Formantbased vowel classification in continuous speech. 2244-2247
• 
  Marc Van Diest, Dirk Van Compernolle, André Oosterlinck: A rule based system for speech verification. 2248-2251
• 
  B. Williams, S. M. Hiller, Fergus R. McInnes, Jonathan Dalby: A knowledge-based nasal classifier for use in continuous speech recognition. 2252-2255
• 
  Helene Tattegrain, Jean Caelen: Phonetic unit localization in a multi-expert recognition system. 2256-2259
• 
  Yukihiro Nishinuma, Danielle Duez, Chantal Paboudjian: Duration of consonant clusters in French: automatic detection rules. 2260-2263
• 
  T. S. El-Sheikh, M. R. El-Ghonemy, O. M. Mansour: Toward a phoneme-based word recognition system. 2264-2267
• 
  M. Djoudi, Dominique Fohr, Jean Paul Haton: Phonetic study for automatic recognition of Arabic. 2268-2271
• 
  Marie-José Caraty, J. C. Richard, Xavier Rodet: Vowel recognition in a data base of continuous speech: experiments with local and global identification principles. 2272
• 
  Martin S. Glassman, Mary Beth Starkey: Minimal consonant pair discrimination for speech therapy using an expanded feature set and pattern element selection in time and frequency. 2273-2276

Phonetics

• 
  Tetsunori Kobayashi, Toshiyuki Matsuda, Kazuhiro Watanabe: Contextual factor analysis of vowel distribution. 2277-2280
• 
  Louis-Jean Boë, Pascal Perrier, Bernard Guérin, Jean-Luc Schwartz: Maximal vowel space. 2281-2284
• 
  Dick R. van Bergem, Florien J. Koopmans-van Beinum: Vowel reduction in natural speech. 2285-2288
• 
  Antti Iivonen, Raima Toivonen: Simulation of the psycho-acoustical vowel space for linguistic applications. 2289-2292
• 
  Mária Gósy: Identification of synthesized Hungarian vowels with two vs. five formants. 2293-2295
• 
  N. R. Ganguli: Acoustic phonetic study of bengali nasals. 2296-2299
• 
  Gordon S. Watson: APS: an environment for acoustic phonetic research. 2300-2303
• 
  Michel Chafcouloff, Alain Marchal, Thami Benkirane: Coarticulatory patterns in stop sequences. 2304-2307

Assessment: Speech Recognition

• 
  Adrian Fourcin: Progress overview for the SAM project. 2308
• 
  John S. Garofolo, David S. Pallett: Use of CD-ROM for speech database storage and exchange. 2309-2312
• 
  L. O. Kingham: Criteria in the design of experiments for speech recognition performance assessment. 2313-2315
• 
  Herman J. M. Steeneken, Jeroen G. van Velden: RAMOS - recognizer assessment by means of manipulation of speech. 2316-2319
• 
  D. P. Crowe: Selection of voice codec for the aeronautical satellite service. 2320-2323

Speech Analysis: Duration

• 
  John F. Pitrelli, Victor W. Zue: A hierarchical model for phoneme duration in american English. 2324-2327
• 
  Rolf Carlson, Björn Granström: Modelling duration for different text materials. 2328-2332
• 
  Edda Farnetani: Acoustic correlates of linguistic boundaries in Italian: a study on duration and fundamental frequency. 2332-2335
• 
  M. I. Al-Anani: Durational differences between emphatic and non emphatic syllables. 2336-2339

Speech Coding: LPC Parameters Evaluation

• 
  D. J. Zarkadis, Barry G. Evans: Coding of the LPC spectral parameters using vector predictive quantization. 2340-2343
• 
  W. T. K. Wong, I. Boyd: Optimal quantization performance of LPC parameters for speech coding. 2344-2347
• 
  Melvyn J. Hunt, Dariusz A. Zwierzyriski, Raymond C. Can: Issues in high quality LPC analysis and synthesis. 2348-2351
• 
  Maurizio Omologo: The computation and some spectral considerations on line spectrum pairs (LSP). 2352-2355
• 
  T. M. Liu, Harald Hoege: Phonetically-based LPC vector quantization of high quality speech. 2356-2359

Phonological Variants

• 
  G. V. Ramana Rao, M. Prakash, B. Yegnanarayana: Word boundary hypothesisation in hindi speech. 2360-2363
• 
  Guy Perennou, Martine de Calmès, I. Ferrane, J. Tihoni: Automated phonotypical transcription through the GEPH phonology expert-system. 2364-2367
• 
  B. Williams, H. Thompson: Modelling phonological processes in continuous speech recognition. 2368-2371
• 
  Anne Cutler, Sally Butterfield: Natural speech cues to word segmentation under difficult listening conditions. 2372-2375
• 
  Anne Lacheret-Dujour: Automatic generation of phonological variations. 2376-2379

Speech Recognition: Algorithms and Models

• 
  Xixian Chen, Changnian Cai: A continuous VQ clustering algorithm for realtime speech recognition. 2380-2383
• 
  R. L. Bowles, Robert I. Damper: Application of the dempster-shafer theory of evidence to improved-accuracy isolated-word recognition. 2384-2388
• 
  R. C. Shillcock: Competitor effects in auditory word recognition: implications for interactive-activation models of word recognition. 2388-2391
• 
  V. Le Maire, Régine André-Obrecht, Denis Jouvet: An acoustic-phonetic decoder an automatic segmentation algorithm. 2392-2395
• 
  Hiroshi Hamada, Tatsuya Hirahara, Akihiro Imamura, Tatsuo Matsuoka, Ryohei Nakatsu: Auditory-based filter-bank analysis as a front-end processor for speech recognition. 2396-2399
• 
  Akio Komatsu, Eiji Oohira, Akira Ichikawa: Prosodical sentence structure inference for natural conversational speech understanding. 2400-2403
• 
  H. Ye, Marie-José Caraty, Louis-Jean Boë, D. Tuffelli: Structural (phonetic) evaluation of dissimilarities functions used in speech recognition. 2404-2407
• 
  José B. Mariño, Enric Monte: Generation of multiple hypothesis in connected phonetic-unit recognition by a modified one-stage dynamic programming algorithm. 2408-2411

Speech Production

• 
  Eric Castelli, Pascal Perrier, Pierre Badin: Acoustic considerations upon the low nasal formant based on nasopharyngeal tract transfer function measurements. 2412-2415
• 
  C. Delattre, Mounir Jomaa, C. Worley, Christian Abry: The phasing of the jaw in consonant and vowel lengthening Arabic and French patterns. 2416-2419
• 
  Daniel Recasens: Control mechanisms of tongue dorsum activity in speech production. 2420-2423
• 
  Yousef El-Halees: A study of subglottal pressure for emphatic and non-emphatic sounds in Arabic. 2424
• 
  Helmer Strik, Louis Boves: The fundamental frequency - subglottal pressure ratio. 2425-2428
• 
  Edda Farnetani, William J. Hardcastle, Alain Marchal: Cross-language investigation of lingual coarticulatory processes using EPQ. 2429-2432
• 
  Denis Autesserre, Yukihiro Nishinuma, Isabelle Guaïtella: Breathing, pausing, and speaking in dialogue. 2433-2436
• 
  Denis Autesserre, Benoit Galindo, Bernard Teston, Nadine Vigouroux: Movement of the lips and velum in speech: variations in aerodynamic parameters. 2437-2440
• 
  Shinji Maeda: Compensatory articulation in speech: analysis of x-ray data with an articulatory model. 2441-2445
• 
  Jean-Pierre Zerling: The three degrees of labialisation of the French steady-state vowels a study for 105 speakers. 2445-2448
• 
  Anna M. Barney, Christine H. Shadle, David W. Thomas: An investigation of air flow through the larynx by computer and mechanical modelling. 2449-2452
• 
  Emanuela Magno Caldognetto, Kyriaki Vagges, N. Alberto Borghese, Giancarlo Ferrigno: Automatic analysis of lips and jaw kinematics in VCV sequences. 2453-2456

Assessment: Speech Recognition

• 
  C. Bourjot, A. Boyer, D. Fohr: Phonetic decoder assessment. 2457-2460
• 
  Fergus R. McInnes, Y. Ariki, Alan Wrench: Enhancement and optimisation of a speech recognition front end based on hidden Markov models. 2461-2464
• 
  Jeffrey N. Marcus: Significance tests for comparing speech recognizer performance using small test sets. 2465-2468
• 
  G. J. Vernooij, Gerrit Bloothooft, Y. van Holsteijn: Simulation of isolated word recognition on the basis of a hierarchy of phonetic classes. 2469-2472

Speech Analysis: Voice Quality

• 
  Marco Ferretti, Giulio Maltese, Stefano Scarci: Measures of language model and acoustic model information in probabilistic speech recognition. 2473-2476
• 
  Dieter Huber: Voice characteristics of female speech and their representation in computer speech synthesis and recognition. 2477-2480
• 
  Jean Schoentgen: The spectral dynamics of a non-linear model of the glottal waveform. 2481-2484
• 
  David M. Howard, Graham F. Welch: Visual feedback applied to the learning of conscious pitch control in singing. 2485-2488
• 
  Bernard Harmegnies, Marielle Bruyninckx, Joaquim Llisterri, Dolors Poch: Effects of language change on voice quality. an experimental contribution to the study of the catalan-castilian case. 2489-2492
• 
  Lennart Nord, Britta Hammarberg: Analysis of laryngectomee speech - a progress report. 2493-2496

Speech Coding: Techniques for Narrowband Coding

• 
  Isabel Trancoso, Carlos M. Ribeiro: Adaptive and stochastic search procedures in CELP based coders. 2497-2500
• 
  K. Y. Lee, Barry G. Evans: Combined optimization of excitation and filter parameters in analysis-by-synthesis coders. 2501-2504
• 
  Enrique Masgrau-Gomez, José A. Rodriguez-Fonollosa, A. Moreno-Bilbao: Including zeros in the backward adaptive predictor of AVPC coders. 2505-2508
• 
  Jorge S. Marques, José M. Tribolet, Isabel Trancoso, Luis B. Almeida: Pitch prediction with fractional delays in CELP coding. 2509-2512

Speech Synthesis: Systems

• 
  Wendy J. Holmes: Copy synthesis of female speech using the JSRU parallel formant synthesiser. 2513-2516
• 
  S. Barbe, Rolf Carlson, Piero Cosi, Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto, Björn Granström, Kyriaki Vagges: A rule-based Italian text-to-speech system. 2517-2520
• 
  Bo Shi: A Chinese text-to-speech system. 2521-2524
• 
  Gábor Olaszy: MULTIVOX - a flexible text-to-speech system for Hungarian, Finnish, German, esperanto, Italian and other languages for IBM-PC. 2525-2528

Speech Recognition: Connectionist Network

• 
  M.-H. Caharel, Laurent Miclet: Filtering a phonetic lattice with a connexionnist network. 2529-2532
• 
  Rémy Bulot, Pascal Nocera: Explicit knowledge and neural networks for speech recognition. 2533-2536
• 
  Léon Bottou, Françoise Fogelman-Soulié, Pascal Blanchet, Jean-Sylvain Liénard: Experiments with time delay networks and dynamic time warping for speaker independent isolated digits recognition. 2537-2540
• 
  Paul Dalsgaard: Semi-automatic phonemic labelling of speech data using a self-organising neural network. 2541-2544
• 
  Anders Baekgaard, Paul Dalsgaard: Recognition of continuous speech using neural nets and expert system. 2545-2548
• 
  Yasuhiro Komori, Kaichiro Hatazaki, Takaharu Tanaka, Takeshi Kawabata, Kiyohiro Shikano: Phoneme recognition expert system using spectrogram reading knowledge and neural networks. 2549-2552
• 
  Patrick Haffner, Alex Waibel, H. Sawai, Kiyohiro Shikano: Fast back-propagation learning methods for large phonemic neural networks. 2553-2556
• 
  Richard Rohwer, David Cressy: Phoneme classification by boolean networks. 2557-2560
• 
  Mikko Kokkonen, Kari Torkkola: Using self-organizing maps and multi-layered feed-forward nets to obtain phonemic transcriptions of spoken utterances. 2561-2564
• 
  Mark Huckvale, Ian S. Howard, William J. Barry: Automatic phonetic feature labelling of continuous speech. 2565-2568

Language Processing: Human Factors, Psychology, and Human-Machine Dialogue

• 
  Laurent Romary, Jean-Marie Pierrel: Should an oral dialogue system be modular? 2569-2572
• 
  Ellen Gurman Bard, A. J. Lowe, G. T. M. Altmann: The effect of repetition on words in recorded dictations. 2573-2576
• 
  Daniel Luzzati: A dynamic dialog model for human machine communication. 2577-2580
• 
  James M. McQueen: The use of lexical knowledge in phonetic categorisation. 2581-2584
• 
  Christopher Miles, Dylan M. Jones, Annette Simpson: Human factors in speech synthesis: factors affecting friendliness and efficiency. 2585-2588
• 
  Clive Frankish: Conversations with computers: problems of feedback and error correction. 2589-2592
• 
  Cecile T. L. Kuijpers: Strategies in developmental dialogue system. 2593-2596
• 
  Ludwig Hitzenberger, Huberta Kritzenberger: Simulation experiments and prototyping of user interfaces in a multimedial environment of an information system. 2597-2600
• 
  Daniel Luzzati, Francoise Neel: Dialogue behaviour induced by the machine. 2601-2604
• 
  Jean-Marc Robert, Jean-Yves Fiset, Gilles Bergeron: Impact of five task-related factors on the choice of a vocal or a manual input modality. 2605-2608

Speech Recognition: Knowledge-Based Phonetic Recognition Systems

• 
  Dominique Fohr, Noëlle Carbonell, Jean Paul Haton: Phonetic decoding of continuous speech with the APHODEX expert system. 2609-2613
• 
  Toomas Altosaar, Matti Karjalainen: A knowledge-based approach to unlimited vocabulary speech recognition for the Finnish language. 2613-2616
• 
  T. Martelli: Modelling speech knowledges in a distributed complex object oriented architecture: REMORA. 2617-2620
• 
  Mats Blomberg: Voice source adaptation of synthetic phoneme spectra in speech recognition. 2621-2624
• 
  Henri Meloni, A. Betari, Philippe Gilles: A knowledge-based system for speaker-independent recognition of letters. 2625-2628

Assessment: Speech Synthesis

• 
  M. C. Hall: Objective quality evaluation of parallel-formant synthesised speech. 2629-2632
• 
  Christian Benoît, A. van Erp, Martine Grice, Valérie Hazan, Ute Jekosch: Multilingual synthesiser assessment using semantically unpredictable sentences. 2633-2636
• 
  J. Brian Pickering: The effects of voice type and quality on the intelligibility of a text-to-speech system. 2637-2639
• 
  Jean-Marc Robert, Andre Choiniere, Raymond Descout: Subjective evaluation of the naturalness and acceptability of three text-to-speech systems in French. 2640-2643
• 
  Chaslav Pavlovic, Mario Rossi, Robert Espesser: Direct scaling of the performance of text-to-speech synthesis systems. 2644-2647

Signal Processing: Acoustics, Noise, and Enhancement

• 
  Ronan Scaife: Vocal tract area estimation - extending the wakita inverse filter. 2648-2651
• 
  Hans-Gnter Hirsch, Hans-Wilhelm Rühl: Automatic speech recognition in a noisy environment. 2652-2655
• 
  P. Gehrenbeck: A computationally inexpensive algorithm for enhancing speech disturbed by coloured noise. 2656
• 
  Dirk Van Compernolle, Weiye Ma, Marc Van Diest: Speech recognition in noisy environments with the aid of microphone arrays. 2657-2660
• 
  Martin F. Schlang: An auditory based approach for echo compensation with modulation filtering. 2661-2664

Speech Analysis: Formants

• 
  R. J. J. H. van Son, Louis C. W. Pols: Comparing formant movements in fast and normal rate speech. 2665-2668
• 
  Yves Laprie: Formant tracking adapted to acoustic-phonetic decoding. 2669-2672
• 
  Qiguang Lin, Gunnar Fant: Vocal-tract area-function parameters from formant frequencies. 2673-2676
• 
  F. K. Fink, Paul Dalsgaard: Estimation of formants in noise corrupted speech using auditory models. 2677-2680
• 
  Michel Grenié, A.-S. Del Negro: Acoustic-phonetic analysis of speech produced under noise and various auditory feedback. 2681

Perception: Syllable and Timing

• 
  Sarah Hawkins: Reconciling trading relations and acoustic invariance. 2682-2685
• 
  J. M. McAllister: The processing of stressed syllables in connected speech. 2686-2689
• 
  Lennart Nord, Anita Kruckenberg, Gunnar Fant: Some timing studies of prose, poetry and music. 2690-2693
• 
  Yukihiro Nishinuma, Danielle Duez: Perceptual optimization of syllable duration in short French sentences. 2694-2697
• 
  W. Nick Campbell: Syllable-level duration determination. 2698-2701

Applications: Aids to the Handicapped